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EBS History of Culture Series - Part 1 THE COUNT OF MYEONGDONG
What they called the "Jang Myeon regime" was the post-April 19 government,
~ Lee Wan Beom ~ (Academy of Korean Studies professor)
which meant that they had to put into fruition all the main issues...
the April 19 movement had fought for.
As you well know, the April 19 movement was a bonafide revolution...
and in many ways a tentative to overthrow the government...
which began from mass riots.
Inevitably, the government had to fulfill at least some of the demands...
put forth by the coalitions which instigated this movement.
Still, all that considered, because the Jang Myeon government...
~ Park Tae Gyun ~ (SNU International Studies professor)
was at the core a conservative regime, expecting them to go through all the reforms...
those citizen coalitions behind the uprising asked for was rather far-fetched.
As reunification theories were still in their primordial stage at the time,
~ Hong Seok Ryul ~ (Seongshin Uni. History professor)
they had special laws against demonstrations and to support anti-communism,
in many ways restricting the democratization movement which led the April 19 uprising.
Also, if you look at the "New School" adherents of the Democratic Party,
~ Lee Yi Hwa (historian) ~
you'll see how they failed to bring into fruition any reforms for the working class,
or the long-debated war against conglomerates.
It was through those students' sacrifices that they gained their posts,
~ Lee Man Seop ~ (former DongA Ilbo reporter)
so, even if just to honor those young souls who died for this cause,
they should have acted on their behalf.
But the Democratic Party split into "New" and "Old" factions, and spent all day arguing.
That is why, inevitably, all that unrest from all walks of society,
those demonstrations and controversies couldn't help but go on.
Because of that situation, according to rumors at the time,
sources suggested the possibility of another revolution in April or May.
~ Episode 23 ~
During the year which passed between April 19 (1960) and May 16 (1961),
Kim Su Young attempted to lead a very active social life.
He wrote numerous poems, and every day you would find him in Myeongdong,
debating the morning away with many different people.
At first, I was disappointed about post-April 19 myself.
Revolution shouldn't concern itself with the vestiges of the past,
and should rather march on with changes.
But look at the conservative mores shown by the Democratic Party.
Neither Jang Myeon nor Kim Do Yeon shows any reformist spirit.
That's why only the regime changed,
but nothing has improved in our society.
History evolves one step at a time,
you can't just jump ahead of yourself.
But of course you could take huge steps forward all at once.
That's what we call revolution.
Were it not for the French revolution, it would have taken the west...
another few centuries for today's modern society to materialize.
Fine, then. Let's take one step at a time.
But we can't entrust all this to Jang Myeon's regime alone.
If everyone of us rights all wrongs in our respective fields,
just like helpless citizens and students were responsible for April 19,
our efforts might just lead us to fulfill such huge steps forward.
Wow... He suddenly starts speaking, and look at him!
He spends all day there, with his passionate rhetoric.
When Park In Hwan was still alive, he'd spend a few nights and days that way.
Ohh... right.
Heard about Park In Hwan's wife?
People are talking all over the place.
Of all places, why a room saloon?!
We're going out for a drink.
- Eunseong?! - Care to join us?
A bit later?!
All right.
Participation shouldn't scare you off.
Living to the fullest, that's participation.
By the way, Lee Hyung.
Aren't Kim Su Young's poems a tad over the top?
Seeing what he publishes these days,
more than poems, they feel like some kind of propaganda.
That's right.
You see his poems, and... Kirk Douglas, Richard Widmark,
if American actors like them are mentioned,
it's always next to things like "thief, gangster, pimp."
How can a poem be so harsh and vulgar?
These days, Kim Su Young's poems...
seem to aim for a frank portrayal of all the problems afflicting our society.
That's exactly the kind of social participation he champions.
Then again, we live in freedom now!
We're still not open.
Jeong Suk, it's me.
Are you busy?
~ Lee Jeong Suk ~ (Park In Hwan's wife)
I bet that everyone is talking about it,
Park In Hwan's widow working at a room saloon.
Jeong Suk.
Some people even come here, order a drink,
and keep staring at me until they leave.
But, what else can I do?
The kids and I need to go on living.
I didn't come here for that.
I'm sorry.
We should be helping you at least a little.
Everyone is having it hard, what can you do?!
There is no need to help me,
I'd just like to be left alone.
That fool...
How could he leave us all so early?!
If he was still alive, I'd be struggling even more.
At least I'm making some money, so the kids won't starve.
I guess...
How are you doing these days?
I heard that you quit working for the newspaper.
Yes... I make a few pennies scribbling this and that.
Now that I think about it, it's quite peculiar.
How you've all been living...
Yes...
Do you drink?
After he crumbled away like that,
I was so angry that I started drinking.
I wondered what it was about drinking that made him so crazy,
I was just curious.
It's just bitter.
It's not all that bad.
If you get drunk, then the world starts looking like a decent place.
And the pain is much easier to endure.
So...
that must be the reason why he loved drinking so much.
What on earth...
could have afflicted him so much?
I still can't understand it.
What was so painful...
that he needed to abandon his life for a bottle?
It's Johnny Walker, In Hwan.
Your favorite, Johnny Walker.
Why did he...
drink his life away?!
In Hwan...
Coming home...
puking it all out the entire night.
Drink.
Drink all you want, and then you can go.
If you'd always end up puking it out,
why even drink so much?!
"She's a beautiful woman with opulent shoulders."
"Who lets her long hair trail in her goblet of wine."
"The claws of love, the poisons of brothels."
"All slip and all are blunted on her granite skin."
"She laughs at Death and snaps her fingers at Debauch."
"The hands of those monsters, ever cutting and scraping."
"Have respected nonetheless the pristine majesty..."
"Of her firm, straight body at its destructive games."
"She walks like a goddess, rests like a sultana."
In Hwan, forgive me.
I'm sorry...
What is the meaning of April 19?
It's something which cannot be separated from our unification.
Therein lies the glory of April 19.
Back then, there was neither south nor north,
we feared no Soviets or Americans.
All those starving people in rags never looked beautiful to my eyes.
Nary a shred of falsehood invaded my body.
That is why my entire body represented my own tenet and freedom.
Su Young, stop prattling all that nonsense.
What could April 19 and the unification possibly have in common?!
That is what April left us.
The south was reborn in April,
and the heat of that April is still burning us all.
Scorching, roaring its flames inside our souls.
That is why even the north must feel our ardent wishes.
Politics, doctrine and whatnot, the hell with all that!
If we take our people's ardent wishes from that burning April,
our compatriots' power!
If we lean onto that power and north and south unify,
we shall be able to achieve our wishes thanks to that very passion!
Ehh... really, I can't take this anymore.
Here here... Don't pay attention to him and just drink.
What third-rate philosophy...
After that April, I deeply reflected upon the meaning of poetry.
It is something I always reflect on, but I just took it to a deeper level.
Will we need poems even after unification?
The answer is, we will need them even more.
Even if only to write better poetry, we must achieve this unification!
I certainly can't say how poetry will change,
once we have achieved complete spiritual freedom,
but it will likely become world-renowned,
and contribute to world peace and prosperity.
Also, mendacious poetry will increasingly cease to exist,
and more true poets will emerge.
Is that Kim Su Young's revolutionary manifesto?!
Im Hyung!
Why don't you go invite Castro to come here and act as our president?!
There might be only one Castro in Cuba,
but we have nearly twenty million youths blessed with purity.
They are the protagonists of our glorious April revolution!
Not old farts like ourselves.
So... are you free from blemishes?!
What's wrong with you, Im Hyung?
Are you drunk?
Ahh... He keeps acting all holier-than-thou, that's why!
Let's go!
Let us go, and as we gaze at the starry night,
let us converse about poetry and reunification!
Madam Lee...
I'll pay you tomorrow.
Yes, all right.
Since we're there,
give me a few more bottles, will you?
Aigoo...
As for these, I'll pay when we're reunified.
If that happens, think I'd worry about your tab?
Aigoo... then, how about some side dishes on top?
Indeed.
Is this enough?
Thank you!
Be careful out there.
The April revolution is a poem!
You shouldn't write your poems on a piece of paper,
your actions should write them!
What on earth is poetry?
Is it the kind of prostitution which covers the miserable clouds of life...
with syrupy and mendacious prose?!
Then, what is true poetry?
Nothing more than the blood you shed!
The blood which drenched the streets of the April revolution.
That is real poetry.
Real poetry is about pushing forward with your entire body.
All at once!
At once!
Pushing forward with your entire body at once.
That is what Kim Su Young saw as real poetry.
He thought that what those students on April 19 did was poetry.
That is, manifesting the equivalent of freedom with their actions.
And he was thinking of himself as someone who took the torch from them.
That is why, from that moment on, Kim abandoned his writing technique and patterns,
and started emphasizing the kind of poetry which pushed forward with courage.
To achieve that, forming a connection between poetry and freedom was needed,
and love became that trait d'union.
Here is what Kim Su Young wrote, about the connection between love and freedom.
"Love is like a breath."
"Invisible to the eye."
"When conveyed through actions,"
"It is not easily torn apart, in today's complicated society."
"The more candid love is, the harder it is to see its warm lights."
"Like eyes blind to a solemn prayer,"
"Love cannot be seen."
"That is why the line between freedom and self indulgence..."
"Is like the misty morn confounding water with the horizon."
"The majority of souls walking on this soil without a loved one..."
"Call that invisible dream of freedom self-indulgence."
"There can be no freedom in that kind of society."
"Two youths crossed the Taedong River, Lee Su Il and Shim Soon Ae their names."
"Women marry for the money, men for just a comely visage,"
"But who knew such true love could still bloom amidst the darkness?"
"Su Il! Su Il! Forgive me just once!"
"You wench, let me go! My clothes will tear!"
We really loved the period between April 19 and May 16.
~ Kim Hyun Gyeong ~ (Kim Su Young's wife)
Poets could write freely,
and back then there were plenty of really fascinating poems...
about Lee Seung Man.
They were all really explicit, saying things like...
"Let's take the cowboys' photos and use them as toilet paper."
They had the freedom to write like that.
But just a year later May 16 happened, and then it all changed.
We feared that dictatorship would return, and we'd have to start hiding again.
So we had to be careful back then.
- Aigoo, Sajangnim! Nice to see you... - Yes.
Here, this way.
Aigoo... nice to see you.
- Aigoo... Aigoo... - Sajangnim.
I really liked your film.
Everyone in the theater was crying.
Is that so?
What was it again...
That scene where Kim Seung Ho carries the coach...
all the way to the Colonial Building to see the exam results, you know?
The moment when you see Shin Young Gyun notice his name written on the board,
and father and son hug each other all happy and crying,
eventually slipping on the frozen concrete.
I was in tears for the entire scene!
Isn't that just a cliche?!
Why, if the protagonist hadn't passed the exam, would the movie go on?!
- Isn't that right, Sajangnim? - Yes, yes, certainly.
You made good money, didn't you?
Hey... Is money the issue here?
The fact that he brought tears to 30 million people is what counts.
Indeed, indeed!
It was a wise decision, Sajangnim.
These days, you won't make a living with these.
You...
When did he ever use "these"?!
Lee Sajang is no hoodlum!
No, I'm a hoodlum indeed.
You're no hoodlum!
He sure is!
Wasn't "Pyeongyang Headbutt" his nickname?!
Hey... listen,
why would someone like him... headbutt?!
Here. Have a nice day.
Yes.
- Have a nice day. - See you again.
Our Lee Hwa Ryong Sajangnim...
is really a special man.
Ehh... He barely made it out of the lion's mouth in time.
Lion what?!
They caught all the hoodlums already.
Lee Jung Jae, Im Hwa Soo, Yoo Ji Gwang.
But everyone says they'll be released soon.
They probably will.
Think they wouldn't have the money for that?!
Money alone can't do that!
If only for all the poor students who died on the streets,
they should all execute them!
What Yoon said is right.
If you have the money, these days you can bring back the dead.
Is money all you care about?
If a thunderbolt made of money hit me, I'd wait with open arms.
The hell with the thunderbolt of money, get this first!
Ahh... that wench...
Wench?!
I wore these for the first time today,
and you hit me with water?!
Just be glad it wasn't a barrel of shit!
I knew this would happen, I couldn't sleep all night!
Give it to me!
What?
My money!
Ahh... that!
Stop prattling, and give me my money back!
What money is that?
Last time he said you'd make a fortune in the stock market...
and ripped me off big time, but this time he brings up the bonds,
and all those bills turned into pocket money in a matter of days!
I told you not to buy bonds and to just get dollars!
Whenever there's a crisis, inflation makes buying power drop.
You told me to buy bonds, when did you ever mention dollars?!
All I did was buying bonds for you.
Where are you going?
Go ask the cops, whether I've done anything wrong.
Shouldn't you at least give me back that commission?
If you don't give it back now, I'll report you to the police!
As you wish!
Say what?
Fine. Think I was just joking?
Give it a rest.
Why should I?
What did I tell you?
If you try to make easy money, you'll lose all you have.
Know what money that was?
It was money I saved in secret to send the kids to college.
*Same meaning as the male version, but this time female to female
Hyungnim*...
Don't blame anyone.
It was your greed which made you lose that money.
I'll just go to the police station.
Hyungnim!
Police? What police?!
You two see each other every day.
Is he even human?!
Just forget it.
Didn't you know what kind of person he is?
If you go there, you'll lose your money, friendship and your mind,
you'll lose everything.
Just forget about it.
Sajangnim.
What?
I was ordered not to let you in.
By whom?
Ohh Ohh... Who ordered you to do that?
It was me, Aunim.
Find refuge.
Who is inside?
Boss Shin just stubbornly...
I said don't go in, Aunim!
Ohh...
You...
said you wanted to run a film business in the provinces?
Yes.
That won't be easy.
If you lend me a hand...
Don't waste time with that, and just take over Myeongdong.
What?
For the time being, put the boys together from behind the scenes.
But you're still here...
I'm a film producer!
So you'll take your hands off Myeongdong?
Every ebb has its flow.
Even Lee Seung Man was disgraced after ten years in power,
how could hoodlums be any different?
Thank you.
Boss Shin.
Yes, Sajangnim.
You know that Myeongdong is different, right?
You must be good to all those artists.
They all live a honest and simple life.
Yes, Sajangnim.
Take good care of my boys as well.
Yes.
Looks like my time to join them has come.
Join them where?
Where do you think?
The penitentiary in Seodaemun.
Aren't Lee Jung Jae and everyone else already there?
But if it's you...
Isn't the Democratic Party having it hard on top?!
Whenever there's a political crisis,
hoodlums are the first to lose out.
And there also must be quite the few people complaining...
that Lee Hwa Ryong is still prancing out there in freedom.
So, I guess...
they'll come for me soon enough.
It's just ten years.
Politicians, hoodlums...
Don't think you'll escape from that fate, either.
He will take good care of you, Boss Shin.
Are you leaving it all to him?!
Hyungnim, you follow me.
Can you still go around being called a hoodlum at your age?!
Let's go.
Don't let it put you down, you fools!
You worked for "Pyeongyang Headbutt" Lee Hwa Ryong!
Is that clear?
You fools...
After Lee Hwa Ryong was moved to the Seodaemun Penitentiary in November,
Boss Shin took over Myeongdong's reigns from him.
Also, in 1975,
the so-called "Savoy Hotel Raid" took place.
Boss Jo Yang Eun of the Southern White Tigers gang attacked Boss Shin,
and not only was this the first instance of metallic weapons like sashimi knives appearing,
it also put an end to the romanticism and code of honor...
so characteristic of gang wars of the period.
The gangs controlling Seoul's "red-light" districts had thus completely changed.
With their crimes, threats and even murders,
they were no different from the gangs which graced many a Hollywood film.
The man who reigned over Myeongdong without ever using his fists,
Lee Hwa Ryong.
The man who deeply respected and secretly supported artists,
Lee Hwa Ryong.
He has now become the talk of legends.
Ohh... I was just looking for you.
Go in the back a moment.
What's wrong?
People from the village council are here.
Why is it so complicated to get a permit for a single bathtub?!
Ahh... Again with that?!
Hey... Hey!
Don't raise your voice, keep it quiet.
I told you it won't work that way!
We'll forget about the room and just build a bathtub.
Let alone a bathtub, you're not even allowed to erect a lamppost!
You're really something.
As if we were trying to build some luxurious estate.
If you start giving people an inch that way, they'll take the entire foot!
Then, are we supposed to live without bathing?!
That's your problem.
Her problem?!
Just stay put.
Wasn't talking to her like that a little uncalled for?!
Dear!
Who on earth are you?
A volunteer or something?
Say what?
Are you one of those who volunteer to work for free at the village council?
How can you talk like that?
You're not getting paid to do this, are you?!
So?!
So you should at least be kind to the villagers!
Doesn't being a public servant imply you should serve our needs?
Ahh... Listen to this one...
You can't build anything without a permit,
why are you bringing up public servants now?!
So we need a permit?
Yes, that's the law.
Tell us, then. How we can get that.
Come to the council.
They'll tell you everything in detail there.
Just stay here. I'll go.
Don't take it personal, Ajeosshi.
It's just that my husband is a poet.
He writes poems all day, so he has little sense of how things go out here. Ajeosshi.
Give it a rest with that "Ajeosshi," will you?
How old am I, to be called like that?!
Aigoo... are you still a bachelor, then?
Wait...
Wait a moment.
Listen to me just a moment.
I said calm down.
Still, things are much better these days.
Could you even complain at city hall when the Liberal Party was on top?
You at least can say something now, it's better all right.
Oppa, should I ask my colleagues at work?
- If I ask the current affairs reporters... - Don't give me that nonsense!
Will the newspaper get Kim Su Young's bathtub done?!
Aigoo... why are you screaming like that?
She only said that because she's just as upset as you are.
With public servants like those...
Did it go well, Eonni?
Will he give us the permit?
Yes.
That's good to hear.
It went all according to plan, what's with that look?
We better wait until next year for that bathtub.
Why?
To get the permit, it will take 25,000 won.
What?
25,000 won?!
I asked him for a little discount...
Where are you going?
Hey... follow him.
What if he raises a ruckus again?
Will he stop if I tell him?
You know how he picks up a fight for the smallest things, these days?
The other day, because the bus driver hit the brakes too suddenly,
he went out and argued with him for half an hour.
"Don't brake like that."
"If only for the sake of all the students who sacrificed for us,"
"drive safely."
This fella from the police station came.
Told me to go get him, as he was still fighting with the bus driver.
Is that something to laugh at?
Why do you keep laughing?
It just that his days at the POW camp come to mind.
I went to Geoje Island to visit him, remember?
He was wearing those protective clothes or whatever they're called,
and stood there next to the barbed wire.
You don't know how pitiful he looked.
Aigoo...
Anyone would be angry...
at this damned world of ours.
It takes a total of 50,000 won to build a bathtub.
So would it make any sense to pay half for a permit alone?!
It doesn't.
So, what?
You really...
If it's too expensive for you, then don't build it at all.
Listen!
Do you even know why April 19 happened?
Because of disgraces like you, our students shed blood on the streets!
Who just laughed?
Here...
Let's settle the score in a cool-headed way.
First, let's see what really changed after April 19.
No...
Asking for that would be too superficial.
Let's first ask ourselves what must change.
What we need to change now is not for that incompetent Jang Myeon to step down,
but, even if it's only the small things,
it's giving our people some solace and tranquility with your policies.
What powerless people like us need is no political resolution,
but just a few drinks,
water that works and asphalt roads,
along with a friendly glance from the district office's workers or policemen,
that's all we ask for.
A society which doesn't respect the individual's feelings...
is no damned democracy or anything of that sort!
That is why the Jang Myeon regime's tentative to control personal freedom...
and the free press through its anti-communism and demonstration laws...
denote not only an anti-democratic and anti-revolutionary conduct,
but the abuse of power shown by asking half the cost of building a bathtub for a permit...
cannot be called anything more than anti-national behavior!
Do we understand?!
They said "If the Jang Myeon regime wants to deal with all the unrest,"
~ Seo Jung Seok ~ (Seonggyungwan History professor)
"they should abolish their anti-communism and demonstration laws."
Those two were what the opposition, progressives and student movements...
referred to as the two evil laws.
So the two laws the Jang regime created to deal with the unrest...
ended up creating more unrest of their own, on the contrary.
Even though after the coup d'etat such laws turned into pillars of the new regime,
there were demonstrations for three-four months.
But the reason why the Jang Myeon regime could only fail after just one year...
was to be found in their weakness and instability.
The Democratic Party divided itself into "New" and "Old" school,
and as Jang Myeon, the leader of the New School movement,
could not bring the Old School on board,
the party itself eventually fell into internal strife,
and because of this structural weakness,
they were never able to push any solid policy as the ruling party.
It certainly can't be denied.
The result of the Jang Myeon regime never establishing any solid footing...
was that of paving the way for the coup d'etat of May 16.
Those weren't just the causes,
but the fact that most people didn't protest the coup d'etat...
stemmed from their deep resentment about the Jang regime's debacle.
As a democratic regime, the Jang Myeon government...
might have boasted some unquestionable achievements,
but the real issue was whether they achieved the kind of democracy...
that Koreans at the time were asking for,
and that was what actually painted their rule in negative colors.
How did it go?
You didn't have a fight, did you?
I became the crazy fool all by myself, I guess.
You started preaching to those public servants again, didn't you?
Come sit down here.
We'll just bathe in the yard at night.
We wasted it.
What?
Looks like we wasted the precious blood those students shed.
This government, the Jang Myeon government...
is distorting the revolution's principles.
Since they didn't understand the essence of revolution itself,
I guess that's inevitable.
They never realized why this revolution even took place.
So it's only natural that nothing would change.
Why do you think that?
Anyhow, the world has changed.
What has?
The power to move our country's history doesn't sit with the government,
but with the people, and April 19 proved it to us all.
What?
Wow... You'll have to start writing again.
I thought giving birth and doing chores emptied it all up there...
A saint's maid quotes Latin.
Right...
At least that's a gain.
Because revolutions always end up failing anyway.
Because revolutions fail, but only their spirit remains.
So we must never forget the spirit of all those students...
who sacrificed their lives on April 19.
The second republic might have been a failure,
but not everything they did was wrong.
In actuality, the Jang Myeon government gave people the freedom to demonstrate,
and showed the people what a political democracy meant.
It lasted less than a year,
but the democracy our people experienced during those days...
set in stone the direction our democracy should follow.
However,
that was actually not what the Jang Myeon regime intended.
The unrest of the second republic, which paved the way for the May 16 coup d'etat,
was not the expression of a democratic government's "laissez-faire" stance,
but rather the result of the Jang Myeon regime's incompetence.
"There is no reason."
"Just leave, you people. All leave."
"You Soviets and Americans, leave right away."
"Like a beer hall's counter swept clean..."
"And left with money kindling its newfound loneliness,"
"Revolutions start and end,"
"They end and once again start."
"The more you spend the more they ask,"
"And so on, again and again,"
"Like a shiny counter kindled by the westering sun."
"Just leave," by Kim Su Young.
At a time when, at the slightest hint of anti-Americanism,
without ever considering any postwar chain of reasoning,
you would be arrested right away,
here he was, gracing us with his equivalent of "Yankees, go home,"
subversive literature which was better suited to one's closet.
Kim Su Young was telling the Americans that,
since now the world had changed, they could finally go home.
And it wasn't just the Americans.
He told the same to the Soviets,
as this wasn't their country, but ours.
Kim Su Young was a radical, demanding complete ideological freedom,
and culturally speaking a surrealist.
However, this "Just leave" of his...
allowed us to meet Kim Su Young the nationalist, for once.
Also, that sentiment was the same spark which ignited the post-August 15 (1945)...
Korean Nationalism, from which our modern history started.
Kim Su Young came downtown almost every day.
Walking the streets of Gwanghwamun, strolling about Myeongdong's back alleys,
observing the setting sun and even in sleep,
he constantly dreamed of April 19 and endless freedom.
That was Kim Su Young's poetry,
and his everything.
Dear, listen...
Why are you already up?
Go back in. I'll finish here and get back to sleep.
Come in a moment.
Why?
They're saying something strange on the radio.
What?
Come on in and listen yourself.
Which station was saying that?
Let me try.
Ohh... this.
Turn up the volume.
What's there to be scared of?
"Fellow compatriots."
"The military authorities which had so far remained dormant..."
"chose this morning at the crack of dawn to simultaneously..."
"launch a full offensive, seizing absolute power,"
"and hereby proclaiming the formation of the military revolution committee."
"What the military rose in action against is the incompetent and corrupt current junta,"
"pledging to themselves that the future of this country..."
"shall never again be entrusted to such old class of politicians."
What is this all about?
Dear...
Coup d'etat...
"First, anti-communism shall hereby become our foremost guideline,"
Coup d'etat?!
"Second, we shall adhere by the UN charter,"
"and establish friendly relations with freedom-serving nations like the USA."
"Third..."
You sons of bitches!
Was it to protect our country that you entered there all armed?
You motherless bastards!
Be careful, dear...
What if they catch you?
You bastards!
Daehanminguk Kim Gwan Shik is warning you!
If you don't return immediately to your barracks,
if you don't return...
If you don't return immediately...
Dear...
Dear!
Dear, what's wrong?
Dear!
Hyun Gyeong, what's wrong?
Go inside, will you?
What happened to my son?
I don't really know...
Just go on in...
Su Young!
What's wrong with you?
Su Young!
Su Young.
It's your mother.
Su Young.
What's wrong?
You bastards...
I'm not a commie!
I'm not a commie, you bastard.
I said I'm not a commie, you bastard!
And who ever said you are?
It was right when I left the volunteer corps...
and I was later taken to the anti-communist POW camp in Geoje Island.
My mother asked me.
"Did you kill someone as well?"
"Did you kill or not?"
If you don't kill others in war, Mother...
You'll die.
Mother, I'd be the one dying.
I never told this to anyone but my mother.
Not even to my wife.
I killed others to survive...
I killed other people...
Poetry? What damned poetry?!
"Down lie the brushes."
"Fluttered by the storm and rain of the easterly gaze,"
"Down fall the brushes,"
"And at last so did those tears."
"From dim skies flew those tears,"
"And once again down they lie."
"Down lie the brushes."
"Lying down faster than the wind,"
"Crying faster than any gaze,"
"And rising back up before the wind can get them."
"Dim skies and down they lie."
"Down to their ankles,"
"Or even under their feet should the wind push them,"
"They will still be the first to rise."
"Should they be the first to cry,"
"They will also be the first to smile."
"For skies are dim, and down lie the brushes' roots."
Coming up next,
The Count of Myeongdong's last episode will be broadcast.
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